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The shape of the atomic structure orders the hardness of the material


Kimmo Huosionmaa

The diamond is the hardest of all materials and that thing is because of its atomic structure. The carbon atoms are in a certain angle together each other. And this structure is very hard to break off, and that's why there is no material, what has the same hardness with diamond. But in fact, by using nanotechnology, and the most modern 3D-printing and ion-technologies, what allows to move single atoms, we might make the atom size structures, what have the same form, what carbon takes in diamond by using other chemical elements like silicon or some metal.

But sometimes I have thought, that could the iron or some other metal atoms be shot in the same structural form, what carbon takes in the diamond. When we are thinking about this kind of metal, where metal atoms are forming the diamond style structure, it will be very hard. The idea of this thing might feel absurd but in fact, the ion cannons could make this kind of structures true. Ion cannons can shoot the single atoms in the certain form, and the magnetic field could stop them in a certain place in the structure.

When we are thinking about the problems with this kind of technology, we must realize, that the atoms bust be shot one by one per time, and then the magnetic field must stop them precisely in the certain point, and this makes this kind of technology very hard to handle. But there is a machine, that operates with single atoms, and the thing is the "scanning tunnel microscope".  The idea of this system is taken by the gramophone pin, what reads the scratches of the vinyl disks. And the change of the direction of the pin is making the sound.

So, the scanning tunnel microscope is actually a very thin pin, where is one single atom, what is moving between the layer and the changes in the electricity of that atom would be metered by the system. If the ion would be a certain or stable distance from the object, that is metered, every hole and anomaly in the layer would be noticed because the atom would stay in the stable distance of the layer, what is metered.

This changing of electricity would be caused because the distance of the atom and metering instrument are changing, and if the atom or ion is far away from the pin, the level of electricity will be lower. The same system might be used as the nanotechnical 3D-printer, what would put every single atom in the place of the molecule structure.


This can make the possibility to create fundamental material, and also things like ultra-small transistors, what is the size of three atoms. Also atom weight electric wires can be made by just shooting those atoms to some layer. But this technology would give change to make graphene-layer or any other atom weight layer in any piece and layer in the world. And maybe in the world of tomorrow, the houses and many other things are covered by graphene, what makes those layers very hard and easy to clean.

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